Citation Verification
CiteStrike's Citation Verification provides real-time verification against legal databases with semantic quote matching to ensure citation accuracy and authenticity. Our comprehensive system catches hallucinated citations before they reach the court.
Comprehensive Citation Analysis
Legal Citation Types
Federal Cases:
- Supreme Court decisions
- Circuit Court of Appeals
- Federal District Courts
- Bankruptcy Courts
- Tax Court decisions
State & Other Sources:
- State Supreme Courts
- State Appellate Courts
- Administrative agencies
- Legal treatises and journals
- Statutory citations
Citation Format Recognition
Our algorithms recognize and validate citations in multiple standard formats:
Bluebook Format:
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)
ALWD Format:
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)
State Variations:
People v. Simpson, 32 Cal. 4th 1064 (2004)
Statutory Citations:
42 U.S.C. § 1983 (2018)
Multi-Stage Verification Process
Stage 1: Citation Extraction
Advanced pattern recognition identifies and extracts all legal citations from the document, filtering out false positives like page numbers and section references.
Smart Filtering:
- • Excludes page numbers (e.g., "page 42" vs "42 U.S. 123")
- • Identifies incomplete citations for manual review
- • Recognizes various citation formats and abbreviations
- • Handles parallel citations and cross-references
Stage 2: Database Verification
Each extracted citation is verified against authoritative legal databases to confirm existence and accuracy of case names, citations, and court information.
Valid Citations:
- • Case exists in official records
- • Citation format is correct
- • Court and date information verified
- • Direct link to source provided
Invalid Citations:
- • Case does not exist
- • Incorrect citation format
- • Wrong court or date information
- • Fabricated or hallucinated citation
Stage 3: Quote Verification
Semantic analysis verifies that quoted text accurately reflects the original source material, detecting paraphrasing, misquotation, and context manipulation.
Similarity Scoring:
Citation Scoring & Analysis
Citation Performance Metrics
Citation Accuracy:
Quote Verification:
Semantic Analysis
Advanced natural language processing ensures quotes maintain original meaning and context, detecting subtle alterations that change legal significance.
Context Preservation
Verifies quotes maintain original legal context
Meaning Integrity
Ensures no meaning distortion or misrepresentation
Legal Precision
Maintains exact legal language and terminology
Common Citation Issues Detected
Hallucinated Citations
Completely fabricated case names, citations, or court decisions that do not exist in any legal database.
Incorrect Citation Format
Valid cases cited with wrong volume numbers, page numbers, or court information.
Misquoted Text
Quotes that alter original meaning, context, or legal significance through paraphrasing or selective editing.
Context Manipulation
Accurate quotes used in contexts that misrepresent the original court's reasoning or holding.
Your Professional Protection
Avoid Sanctions:
- • Prevent submission of fabricated citations
- • Ensure accuracy of all quoted material
- • Maintain proper citation formatting
- • Verify case law before filing
Maintain Credibility:
- • Build trust with accurate legal research
- • Demonstrate thorough case verification
- • Protect professional reputation
- • Ensure client confidence in legal work